The article deals with the problem of migration in the region from the Caucasus to Mesopotamia in the Early Bronze Age. The author clarifies the chronology of the royal tomb in Arslantep as a point of Indo-European migrations from the North Caucasus to Northern Mesopotamia, which is dated by the author to the Naramsuen era (XXIII century BC). The attribution of this tomb to the Late Uruk on the basis of the calibrated date ca. 3000 BC is disputed. Linguistics and archaeological data indicate the presence of Proto-Hittites and ancient Europeans in the Caucasus at this time, which can be correlated with migrants.
:Key words Caucasus, Novosvobodnaya, Kuro-Arak culture, Arslantepe, Early Bronze Age, leaf-shaped spears with bayonet attachment.
Contacts of the population of the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Northern Mesopotamia during the Early Bronze Age were of a multi-vector nature. The expansion of Uruk to the north left traces in the monuments of Eastern Anatolia (Arslantepe VII, 2008), in Transcaucasia (Sioni-Tsopi, Berikldeebi, Leylatepa culture), in the North Caucasus (so-called Maikop settlements with calibrated dates of 4 thousand BC [Korenevsky 2004; Korenevsky, 2008]).
The next migration was that of the Khirbet-Kerak culture carriers from Northwestern Syria to Anatolia (Arslantepe VI B1), to Transcaucasia (Kuro-Arak culture [Munchaev, 1994(1)]), and to the North Caucasus (Kuro-Arak monuments [Rostunov, 1986]).
The appearance of the Great Maikop Mound eponymous monument in the Northwestern Caucasus was associated with the third migration, with the arrival of the population from the ARAMI region near Harran during the northern campaigns of Naramsuen (Safronov, 1982; Nikolaeva, 1982; Nikolaeva and Safronov, 1982; Safronov, 1989; Safronov and Nikolaeva, 2003).
The subject of this article is the fourth migration, marked with Early Bronze Age monuments of the North Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Eastern Anatolia, Northern Mesopotamia with leaf-shaped spears and a stalk attachm ...
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