International scientific and cultural cooperation of the USSR with foreign countries has repeatedly attracted the attention of Soviet researchers. 1 However, many aspects of this problem have not yet received scientific development. This article aims to reveal the directions and principles of international scientific cooperation laid down by V. I. Lenin, to show the great work that was already being done in the first years of Soviet power to develop relations with the foreign scientific community and international scientific organizations, the role and significance of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the development of these relations. Immediately after the victory of the Great October Revolution, the Communist Party and the Soviet Government developed important measures aimed at creating and accelerating the development of Soviet science. It was based on Lenin's principle, which reflects the objective necessity of continuity of achievements of social progress, as well as the position that socialist science is the legitimate heir to all previous development of human knowledge. "Science demands... taking into account the experience of other countries, " 2 wrote V. I. Lenin. "To adopt all that is truly valuable from European and American science," he noted, "is our first and foremost task." 3 Lenin's idea of the need for broad international scientific cooperation was clearly formulated in the greeting of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR to the Academy of Sciences on the occasion of its 200th anniversary in 1925. This document noted that "science is international in its very essence and does not tolerate national restrictions. Only through the generalization of the scientific work of all nations and only through constant and continuous international communication can science move forward. " 4 Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Central Election Commission of the USSR, in his greeting address to the participants of the Gener ... Читать далее