by Valery DYADYUCHENKO, Cand. Sc. (Tech.), Adviser to the Head of Rosgidromet, Deputy Director of Planeta Research Center; Yuri PAVLYUKOV, Head of the Radiometeorological Department of Rosgidromet Central Aerological Observatory; Ivan VYLEGZHANIN, Cand. Sc. (Phys. & Math.), Chief Designer of Meteorological Radars of OAO Lianozovo Electromechanical Plant Meteorological radar sets united into an observation network provide for round-the-clock monitoring of cloudy atmosphere, precipitation and associated dangerous weather phenomena such as heavy showers, thunderstorms, hails, squalls and tornadoes. Today Russia is making up for lost time and is creating a modern automated network based on a national innovative work, i.e. the meteorological Doppler polarization radar set DMRL-S. The number of dangerous significant weather phenomena increased substantially for the last decades (annual growth by ~6-7 percent) in conditions of a varying climate and intense urbanization. So, it is very important to have available advanced means of efficient weather observations. The modern meteorological radar set has unique properties such as efficiency, ability to control vast territories and provision of detailed information on the inner structure of zones of cloudiness and precipitation. Radiometeorology as a field of applied science emerged more than 60 years ago. At the turn of 1940-1941 military radars recorded for the first time reflections from clouds and precipitation considered by observers as annoying interference, which complicated search for enemy aircraft and ships. But specialists were quick to realize what practical benefit they could get for weather forecasts by such equipment. Over a period of the 1940s-1960s a theoretical basis of radiometeorology was being laid down in the world. The national scientists and engineers also made a substantial contribution to solution of this problem. The noticeable landmarks were results obtained in the c ... Читать далее